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Why Europe is Falling Behind (And What They’re Doing About It)

The EU set out to lead the global EV race. But in 2025, reality is catching up.

From slashed subsidies and delayed targets to tariff battles and charging gaps, Europe’s electrification path is looking more fractured than unified. While frontrunners like the Netherlands and Norway keep accelerating, laggards like Italy and Spain are stuck in neutral.

And as Chinese EVs flood the market, European leaders are torn: protect domestic industry or keep EVs affordable?

👇 Here’s what’s really going on.


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Learn more about Mozio.


🚦 Past → Present → Future: Europe’s EV Crossroads

🔙 Past: Ambitious Goals, Patchy Progress

The EU laid bold plans — 100% zero-emission car sales by 2035, millions of public chargers, and an industrial policy to match.

  • Norway and the Netherlands became global EV role models.
  • Germany and France invested heavily in subsidies and production.
  • But southern and eastern Europe lagged, and infrastructure gaps widened.

⚠️ Present: Reality Bites

2025 has been a wake-up call.

  • France softened its EV bonus, cutting out most Chinese cars.
  • Germany ended most subsidies — and EV sales dropped.
  • EU-wide, CO₂ fleet targets were delayed to avoid €15B in fines.
  • Charging infrastructure remains uneven: nearly half of EU chargers are in just two countries.

Europe is building — but not fast enough.

🔮 Future: Fragmentation or Cohesion?

The next two years are critical.

  • Can EU nations align infrastructure, incentives, and industrial policy?
  • Will protectionism escalate — or lead to more localized production?
  • Can consumer trust catch up with policy ambition?

📉 Without serious momentum, the 2035 target could slip from ambition to fiction.


This Week in Mobility News

We have some catching up to do.

Zeebrugge port congestion. Image source: Flows

🛳 Europe’s Ports Brace for Chinese EV Boom

With Chinese EV imports spiking, ports like Zeebrugge (Belgium) and Bremerhaven (Germany) are seeing record volumes — and struggling to process them all. Some are even running out of space. And it seems the port congestion is going to only get worse. (myKN)

🇳🇴 Norway Hits 95% EV Market Share

While most of Europe lags, Norway’s EV penetration reached 95% in Q1 2025. The country is now focused on grid resilience and second-life battery use. We can confidently say — Norway has gone full electric. (IEA)

🇪🇺 EU Softens CO₂ Rules Amid Industry Pushback

The European Parliament approved a controversial change: automakers now have until 2027 (not 2025) to average fleet CO₂ emissions. (Innovation News Network)

💶 France’s €100 EV Lease Gets a 2025 Reboot

After overwhelming demand shut it down in 2023, France’s popular €100/month EV leasing scheme is back — now retooled for 2025. The updated program prioritizes rural and low-income households, with new vehicle supply deals in place and stricter eligibility rules. (Actupratique.fr)

🔌 Italy Eyes New Charger Subsidies

Facing sluggish EV uptake, Italy plans to increase charger deployment through tax incentives and faster permitting. (Electromaps)


🧐 Deep Dive: Can Europe Still Win the EV Race?

The EU once led the global EV charge. Now? It’s slowing down, second-guessing itself, and watching China pull ahead. So what’s really going on?

Let’s bust the myths — and unpack what’s stalling Europe’s electric momentum.

Myth: Europe’s EV Market Is Still Booming

📉 Reality: It’s cooling — fast.

  • In Q1 2025, battery electric vehicle sales in Europe fell 11% year-over-year, with major markets like Germany, Sweden, and Norway all posting declines.
  • Demand for hybrids and plug-in hybrids is rising, but pure EV adoption has lost steam.
  • Analysts point to EV incentive cuts, rising prices, and charging anxiety as key reasons behind the slowdown.

Even with strong climate targets, the EU’s green momentum is wobbling.

Myth: Policy Is Still Driving EV Growth

⚠️ Reality: Policy is now a question mark.

  • The EU just voted to ease CO₂ compliance rules for carmakers, spreading out targets over 2025–2027 to soften the blow of missed EV quotas.
  • France paused its combustion engine ban for fleets. Spain and Italy are lobbying for slower transitions.
  • EV subsidies in Germany were abruptly scrapped in late 2023 — and demand collapsed almost overnight.

Europe’s policy consensus on electrification is cracking.

Myth: Europe Can Outcompete China with Quality

🚗 Reality: Europe’s automakers are losing on price, speed, and software.

  • BYD and SAIC (MG) are flooding Europe with affordable, high-tech EVs.
  • The MG4 and BYD Atto 3 undercut rivals by thousands of euros — and still offer solid specs.
  • While VW delays launches, Chinese brands are adding features like bidirectional charging, LiDAR, and in-car AI.

Even European automakers admit: they’re rushing to cut costs and struggling to stay competitive.

Myth: “Made in Europe” Will Save the Industry

🏭 Reality: It’s an uphill battle.

  • The EU is exploring tariffs on Chinese EVs, following a trade probe into state subsidies.
  • But protectionism alone can’t fix the cost gap — and Europe’s battery supply chain is still immature.
  • Germany and France are pouring money into Gigafactories and leasing schemes, but local production isn’t scaling fast enough.

Unless Europe solves its supply chain and software gaps, it risks becoming a market, not a manufacturer.

🚨 The Bottom Line

Europe still has strong brands, loyal buyers, and ambitious climate laws. But its EV lead is slipping, squeezed by policy backpedaling, Chinese competition, and a fragmented charging rollout.

Without a bold reset — on incentives, infrastructure, and industrial strategy — the EU may find itself playing defense in a game it helped invent.


📰 Article You Shouldn’t Miss

Volkswagen cars at the company’s Wolfsburg delivery tower. Image source: Krisztian Bocsi/Bloomberg/Financial Times

“VW Finance Chief: Our Restructuring Isn’t Enough” – Financial Times

Volkswagen’s CFO says the quiet part out loud: even after cutting thousands of jobs and halving German production capacity, the automaker is still falling behind.

⚠️ EV margins are shrinking. 📉 China sales are slipping. 💸 Trade tensions aren’t helping.

CEO Thomas Schäfer says the goal is to match EV and gas car costs by 2030 — but right now, VW’s core brand is bleeding share and losing speed.

The clock’s ticking. Is Europe’s auto giant too slow to survive the transition?

Read more on Financial Times.


🤔 Hot Take: Is Europe Still Serious About EVs?

📉 EV sales are stalling.

🇪🇺 CO₂ targets are being softened.

🚢 Ports are clogged with Chinese imports.

Once a global leader in the green mobility push, Europe now looks like it’s hitting the brakes.

  • France’s leasing program ran out of steam (and cars).
  • Germany is gutting subsidies and losing market share.
  • Automakers like VW are slashing costs just to stay afloat.

Meanwhile, China is flooding the zone — with affordable, well-specced EVs landing in Zeebrugge faster than EU policy can react. And with a 38% tariff cap being floated, the EU still can’t decide: protect its industry or protect its climate targets?

💬 So what’s really going on here?

  • Is the EU retreating from its own green transition?
  • Can European automakers survive a tariff war and a tech gap at the same time?
  • Or is this just the pain before a pivot — toward smarter policy, local production, and a second wave of electrification?

📢 Drop your take in the comments. Is Europe falling behind… or just warming up?

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Filip Bubalo
Filip Bubalo

Researcher & writer for Charging Stack. Marketing manager at PROTOTYP where I help mobility companies tell better stories. Writing about the shift to electric vehicles, micromobility, and how cities are changing — with a mix of data, storytelling, and curiosity. My goal? Cut through the hype, make things clearer, and spotlight what actually works.

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